Manufacture of hollow tile and the like



F. pocnmu.

MANUFACTURE OF HOLLOW TILE AND THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 12, i919.

1,369,522. Patented Feb. 22,1921.

3 sHEETs-sHEET v.

F. DOCHNAL.

MANUFACTURE OF HOLLOW TILE AND THE LIKE- APPLICATION FILED MAY I2, I919.

n w a Hw M 2 m & 0 2A" 66 mm 0 m 5, m n P a M m a W 6 j w w z .5 a w J a J 9 zafiwafi am 6 l 1 F. DOCHNAL. MANUFACTURE OF HOLLOW TILE AND THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY l2. I919.

Patented Feb.22,1921.

FRANK DOCHNTAL, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

MANUFACTURE OF HOLLOW TILE AND THE LIKE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 22, 1921.

Application filed May 12, 1919. ,Serial No. 296,350.

To all whom it may concern 7 Be it known that I, FRANK DOGHNAL, a citizen of the Unlted States, residing in the city of St. Louis and Stateof Missouri, have the tile from warping While going through the burning process, and, further to prevent unreasonable breakage of the tile in handling and in shipment to a job. In view of this, and in order to enable me tomanufacvture and use my open end hollow tile patented September 3, 1918, Number 1,277,556

it is necessary for me to provide my open end tile with temporary end wall tie sections;

The object ofmy present invention isto provide the temporary end wall tie sections, of each tile, weakening channelsto form thin wall sections at their bases, and to providet-hese thin wall sections with lines of'suitably spaced perforations, or perforations and V indentations alternately arranged to weaken .the end wall tie sections and permit of their easy removal by a slight tap with a convenient tool after thetile has may be laid into a wall structure in the form of open end tile. A further object ofmy present invention is to provide convenient and efiicient means for forming the opposed channels-in the temporary end wall tie sections, and providing the thinwall section, at the base of each' pair of opposed channels with a line of suitably spaced perforations, or-alternately arranged perforations and indentations to weaken the tie sections so they may be easily broken away without destroying the real ends of'the tile A further object of the invention is-to provide means toprovide the end wall tie sections, intermediate. each set of. opposed end tile, a is with a plurality of' opposed' been burnt so thatthe tile 7 channels, with a line of perforations to further weaken the tie section, when necessary.

A' still further object of the invention is to provide suitable guide-plates extending from the tile forming die, to guide and support one or both sides ofthe temporary end wall tiesection while they are being perforated, or alternately perforated and indented. I 7

With these and similar obj ectsin view, the device itself consists in the novel features of construction, combination and arrangement ofparts as will be hereinafter referred to and more particularly pointed out in the claims hereto appended. r 1

Referring to the accompanying drawings forming a partof this specification, wherein like characters of reference denote similar parts throughoutthe several views: a

Figure l, is a front elevation of a forming die, showing my invention applied to one side thereof, the other side being partly removed to clearly show the face'and form of the die. I

Fig. 2, is a top plan view, partly in section. V r I Fig. 3, is a sideelevation of the device.

Fig.4, is a detail showing one of the guide plates in side elevation.

F'g. 5, is a detail 'n perspective of one of the guide plates. s r

Fig. 6, is a detail of a tile, showing a part of one of the end wall tie sections partly broken away, to provide an open endtile.

Fig. 7, is a front elevation of a forming die showing a modifiedform of device positioned adjacent thereto. i

Fig. 8, is a top plan view thereof, partly in section. a v

Fig.9 is a detail of a tile,.showing a part of one of the end wall tie sectionspartly broken away, to provide an open end tile.

Referringto the drawings, the reference character 1 designates a suitable clay receiving cylinder, while 2 designates the tile of the shape shown in my Patent Num- 'ber 1,277,556, dated September. 3, 1918, but

so formed as to provide this particular tile with e'ndxwalltie sections 6, shown in the present drawings, for temporarily uniting the end walls thereof, while burning same, to prevent warping of the end walls and to prevent breakage of the tile in shipment.

In order to properly guide and support the end wall tie sections 6 of the tile, after they pass through the clay passages 5 of the die 4, and to provide the inner and outer faces of the tie sections with weakening channels 7 and 8, respectively, I employ suitable guide plates 9 provided with a plurality of channel forming ribs" 10, which ribs are spaced apart to form the passages '11 between adjacent ribs 10, as clearly shown in die. Each guide plate 9 is provided with a plurality ofcutaway portions 12, to receive rotary disk perforators, or perforators and indentors to be hereinafter described, and with a plurality of weakening channel cleaning teeth 13. The guideplates 9, extend 'forward from the die, as clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 4.

Rotatably supported, by means .of suitable supporting brackets 14,3116. the pivot pin 15, are a plurality. of disk perforators and indentors 16. For convenience only, I have shown the use of three rotary disk perforators and indentors 16, positioned on opposite sides of a clay tile'17 emerging from the die 4. These disks 16 are each providedwith a lilrality of relatively long radially extencing perforating arms 18, and intermediate each pair of arms 18. a relatively short groove forming arm 19 is positioned. The long arms 18 aread'apted to pass clear through the thin sections of the end wall tie sections 6 and form slotted perforations 20, while the short arms 19 merely form indentations or short grooves 21 therein, as clearly shown in 2-and 9. These disks 16- will be knownas the outer perforators and indentors.

I further provide the device with what:

will be known as inner perforators 22, which perforators are rotatably supported by means of suitable brackets 23, and the pivot pins '24. The brackets are suitably fixed to and. supported by the die 4, and extend forward from the d e 4;, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The perforators 22 are provided with but one shape ofperforating teeth 25 which are all of the same length to-provide the end wall tie sections 6- with slotted perforations 26, intermediate the rowsof altertherefrom.

nate perforations 20 and indentations 21, as shown in Fig. 3. These perforations 26 further weaken the tie sections 6, as is manifest. The teeth 25jof the rotary per forators 22 pass through the slotted openings 27 of the inside guide plates 10. If desired, it is of course understood, that rotary disks like the outside disks 16 may be employed as inside perforators and indentors, it merely depending upon how weak the end tie wall. sections can be made without warping while they are being burnt.

A perforator cleaning device, such as a suitable hair brush 28 may be rotatably supported by means of a suitable bracket 29 and pivot pin 30 adjacent each outer rotary disk perforatorfand indentor 16. I have only shown one of these cleaners, in the drawings, but it"is obvious that one may be positioned adjacent each set of'perforators, if deemed necessary. toremove stickyqclay These brushes may be power driven, if desired. 1

While the operation of the liereindescribed invention is obvious from the drawings and specification, it will be clearly understood, that the mo'vingclay formed into tile shape in passing out of the die, will impart a rotary motion to-the several rotaryelements 16' and .22, as the tile is forced forward, and that the arms '18 and '19 of each rotary element-16, will perform their duty of alternately perforating and indenting the end wall tie sections '6 from the outside of the tile. while arms 25 of each, rotary element'22 will perform theirduty of slotting or perforating the end wall tie sections 6, intermediate the rows of perforations 20 and indentations from the inside of thetilef It will be observed,'that1the temporary end wall tie sections 6 for tile-that are c'han neled, perforated and indented, as'herein described,,may be easily removed after the burning of the tile, by a slight tap with a suitable tool. 1 p

As is obvious, theperforations and indentations formed in the wall of the tile, by the rotary elements, maybe instraight lines, staggered, orin any other manner, or for mation desired. The perforations may be of any size, or shape, likewise the indenta tions. g It will be understood that aS many rotary" elements maybe employed, as desi1'ed,:and that one or all four bars of a tile may be channeled and perforated, or perforated and grooved'at the same time, as is:.manifest. It will behere understood that I may, if desired, provide one or more faces of a tile with a line. or lines ofperforations 20 only, and omit the indentations 21,-by the; use of suitable rotary elements, or"vice -versa.

From the foregoing description, it is clear thatthe channels 7 and 8 willsave clay in the manufacture" of the tile, and-permitvthe perforators to pierce through a thinner body of clay.

When the inside perforators 24 are not employed, it is obvious, that the outside guide plates 9 may be removed. In thiscase, if the outside face of the tile is to-be channeled, the ribs 10 may be made a part of the die, as is manifest, or the outside plates 9 tions of use without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention and-the terms ofthe following 'claims,,hence wishv it to be understood that I reserve the right to make any such changesor modifications as may fairly fall within'the scope of the appended claims when fairly construed.

VVhatI claim is: c

1.. Theherein described method-of making hollowtile which is to be finally used as open end tile, which consists in forcing clay through a die, providing a temporary end wall tie section, or sections of the tile with a plurality of lines of slotted perforations for weakening the. end wall tie section, or sections so they may be easily broken out by the tap of a convenient tool after being burnt and prior to being laid into a wall I structure.

2. The herein described method of making hollow tile which is to be finally used as open end tile, which consists in forcing clay through a die, providing a temporary end wall tie section of the tile with a plurality of weakening channels, progressively forming one or more lines of alternately arranged slotted perforations and indentations in the end wall tie sections in the .pathof the channels, progressively forming a line of slotted perforations between adjacent lines of alternately arranged slotted perforations and indentations and then finally scraping the weakening channels to clean them of clay accumulations.

3., A continuous adapted to convert a substantially continu ous mass of soft clay into hollow tile with temporary end wall tie sections, in combination, with means for alternately perforating and indenting the temporary end wall sections of the tile as it leaves the forming device to substantially weaken and lighten the temporary. end wall sections so that they tile forming device may be broken away after the tile has been burnt to provide an open end tile.

4. A continuous tile forming device adapted to convert a substantially continuous mass of soft clay into hollow tile or the like of specified length, comprising tileformin means adapted to. progressively shape t e clay into hollow tile or the like, in combination, with means for alternately perforating and lndenting one or more walls of the tile as it leaves the forming device.

5. The process herein described of making hollow tile, which consists of forcing clay through a forming die, and providing one or more walls of the tile with one or more lines of alternately arranged perforations and grooves for weakening the wall or walls of the tile to permit part or all of the wall being easily removed without destroying the remainder of the tile.

6. In combination, of a clay forming die having means to form weakening channels in a wall or walls of a tilebeing formed, rotary elements positioned in the path of travel of the .tile in such. a manner that the emerging tile will impart motion to the rotary'elements and cause the rotary elements to alternately perforate and impress a groove in a section of a wall or walls of a tile to weaken same so that the weakened section can be easily broken away, after the tile has been burnt without destroying the adjacent wall sections of the tile.

7. In combination with a tile forming machine having a forming diethrough which clay is to be forced to form a hollow tile with at least four solid walls, guide plates extending from the die, channel forming ribs arranged on the plates, rotary elements having alternately arranged radially extending' perforating and indenting arms supported in advance of the die in such a manner that the moving clay in the form of a tile will rotate the rotary elements and provide a wall or walls of a tile with a line or lines of alternately arranged perforations and indentations from the outside of the.

tile, rotary elements having radially extending perforating arms supported in advance of the die in such a manner that the moving tile will rotate the said rotary elements and provide a wall or walls with a line of perforations between adjacent lines of alternately arranged slotted perforations and indentations, and channel scraping means carried by said guide-plates.

8. In combination with a tile'forming machine having a forming die through which clay is to be forced to form a hollow tile with at least four solid walls, guide plates extendingfrom the die to guide the walls to be perforated. channel forming ribs arranged on the plates, rotary disks having or walls of 'a tile with a line or lines of alternately arranged perforations and indentations from the outside of the'tile, rotary disks having radially extending perforating arms supported in advance of the die, in such a manner that the moving tile will rotate the said rotary disks and provide a wall or walls with a line of perforationsbetween adjacent lines of alternately arrranged slotted perforations and indentations, channel scraping means carried by said guideplates and means for cleaning said rotary disks of clay accumulations.

9. In combination with a hollow tile forming machine having a forming die to provi e open end tile with temporary end wall tie sections, of rotary means to perforate the temporary end wall tie sections so the same may be easily broken away afterbeing burnt without destroying the end walls of the tile. V 10. In combination with a hollow tile forming machine having a forming die to provide open end tile with temporary end wall tie sections, of rotary means to alternately perforate and indent the temporary end walltie sections so they may be easily broken away after being burnt without destroying the permanent end walls of the tile.

11. In combination with a hollow tile forming machine having a forming die to provide open end tile with temporary end wall tie sections, of means for forming the temporary end wall sections with a plurality of opposed channels to form thinwall sections, and means for providing said thin wall sections with suitably spaced perforations. V

12. In combination with a hollow tile forming machine having a forming die to provide open end tile-with temporary end wall tie sections, of meansfor forming the temporary end wall sections with a plurality of opposed channels to form thin wall sections, means forproviding said thin wall sections with suitably spaced perforations, and indentations, alternately arranged.

13. In combination with a hollow tile'g forming machine having a forming'die to a provide open end'tile with temporaryend wall tie sections, of means for forming the temporary end wall sections with a plurality of opposedchannels to form thin wall sections, means for providing said thin wall sections with suitably spaced'perforations,

and guide plates for guiding and supporting temporary 'endxwall tie sections while they are being perforated.

14; In combination with a hollow tile forming machine having-a forming die .to provide open end' tile with temporary end wall tie sections, of plates extending from the die to guide the temporary end wall'tie sections after leaving the die, and means for weakening the temporary end- Wall tie sections while being guided and supported by said plates. i v I In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name to the specification.

. FRANK 'DOCHNAL. 

